„By idea, I understand a conception of the mind which the mind forms because it is a thinking thing.“ (Second Part, Chap. IX, III) #Spinoza #idea #mind
Berkeley: The Absolute Existence of Sensible Objects in Themselves, or Without the Mind
Zitat
„It is very obvious, upon the least inquiry into our thoughts, to know whether it is possible for us to understand what is meant by the ABSOLUTE EXISTENCE OF SENSIBLE OBJECTS IN THEMSELVES, OR WITHOUT THE MIND. To me it is evident those words mark out either a direct contradiction, or else nothing at all. And to convince others of this, I know no readier or fairer way than to entreat they would calmly attend to their own thoughts; and if by this attention the emptiness or repugnancy of those expressions does appear, surely nothing more is requisite for the conviction. It is on this therefore that I insist, to wit, that the ABSOLUTE existence of unthinking things are words without a meaning, or which include a contradiction. This is what I repeat and inculcate, and earnestly recommend to the attentive thoughts of the reader.“ (Of the Principles of Human Knowledge, §24) #Berkeley #existence #objects #mind
Röttgers: Leben nach dem Tod
Zitat
„Zum Tod wird ein ‚Leben nach dem Tod‘ erfunden, wodurch der Tod, der ein Leben davor und ein Leben danach kennt, entdramatisiert wird.“ (p. 404) #Röttgers #Tod #Leben
Sartre: La facticité de la liberté
Zitat
„Et, comme on le voit, ce délaissement n’a d’autre origine que l’existance même de la liberté. Si donc l’on définit la liberté comme l’échappement au donné, au fait, il y a un fait de l’echappement au fait. C’est la facticité de la liberté.“ (p. 541) #Sartre #facticité #liberté
Neu :: Roberts: Marx’s Inferno. The Political Theory of Capital
Zitat
„Marx’s Inferno reconstructs the major arguments of Karl Marx’s Capital and inaugurates a completely new reading of a seminal classic. Rather than simply a critique of classical political economy, William Roberts argues that Capital was primarily a careful engagement with the motives and aims of the workers’ movement. Understood in this light, Capital emerges as a profound work of political theory. Placing Marx against the background of nineteenth-century socialism, Roberts shows how Capital was ingeniously modeled on Dante’s Inferno, and how Marx, playing the role of Virgil for the proletariat, introduced partisans of workers’ emancipation to the secret depths of the modern “social Hell.” In this manner, Marx revised republican ideas of freedom in response to the rise of capitalism.Combining research on Marx’s interlocutors, textual scholarship, and forays into recent debates, Roberts traces the continuities linking Marx’s theory of capitalism to the tradition of republican political thought. He immerses the reader in socialist debates about the nature of commerce, the experience of labor, the power of bosses and managers, and the possibilities of political organization. Roberts rescues those debates from the past, and shows how they speak to ever-renewed concerns about political life in today’s world.“ #Roberts #Marx #Capital